Average Professor - Mathematics Salary in United States for 2026

How much does a professor of mathematics make in United States?

A typical professor of mathematics working in United States brings home around 12,808 USD a month before tax. Entry-level pay starts near 69,200 USD, and the top of the ladder reaches roughly 246,200 USD for the most experienced and specialised people in the role.

The wide gap between low end and top end reflects how much pay can vary inside the same job title. A junior professor of mathematics working at a small local employer earns very different money from a senior at a multinational. Skills, employer, city and years in the seat all push the number around. For a cross-country comparison, see the professor of mathematics salary in Palau or British Indian Ocean Territory, both of which pay in the same currency.

How professor of mathematics pay ranges in United States

A good way to think about salary in United States is to look at the distribution rather than the headline average. Half of all professors of mathematics in United States earn less than 166,600 USD a year, and the other half earn more. That middle number is the median, and it is usually more useful than the average for answering "is my pay normal here".

Looking at the quartiles fills in the picture. A quarter of earners take home less than 107,700 USD (the 25th percentile), and a quarter clear 222,700 USD (the 75th percentile). The middle 50% of professors of mathematics sit somewhere inside that band, which is where the typical reader of this page probably lives.

The very lowest reported salaries sit around 69,200 USD. The highest stretch to 246,200 USD, though only a small fraction of earners ever reach that level. If you are deciding whether your own offer or current pay is reasonable, work out which of those four bands you would fall into and use that as your reference point.

Professor of mathematics pay by experience in United States

Years of experience is the single biggest lever on pay for a professor of mathematics in United States, ahead of education and almost any other single factor. The longer you have been in the role, the more your employer can trust you to handle complexity, mentor others and act independently, all of which command higher pay. The chart below shows how the typical professor of mathematics salary changes as you move through the career ladder.

The single largest jump on the ladder is from 2 - 5 Years to 5 - 10 Years, where pay rises by about 46%. That is the point at which a professor of mathematics typically goes from "competent in the role" to "the person other people in the team learn from", and the market pays well for that step.

Professor of mathematics pay by education in United States

Education sits alongside experience as one of the biggest factors driving professor of mathematics pay in United States. Higher qualifications consistently pull higher salaries, but the size of the gap tends to be smallest at junior levels and widens as people move up. Two people in the same role with the same years of experience but different degrees can end up earning very different money once they reach mid-career.

Below is the average professor of mathematics salary in United States broken down by the highest level of education a worker has completed.

Professor of mathematics gender pay gap in United States

The gender pay gap is a stubborn feature of almost every labour market, and United States is no exception. Male professors of mathematics in United States earn an average of 158,700 USD a year, while female professors of mathematics earn around 151,800 USD. That works out to a 5% gap in favour of men, even when comparing people doing the same work.

A pay gap of this size has a real long-term cost. Over a typical thirty-year career it can add up to several years of pay, and it compounds through pensions, retirement contributions and bonus-linked stock. Some of the gap is explained by women being more likely to work part-time, take career breaks, or be steered toward lower-paying specialisations. Some of it is straightforward unequal pay for the same job, which is harder to defend.

Pay raises for a professor of mathematics in United States

Most countries hand out at least some kind of pay raise every year, typically when an employee's contract is reviewed or as a cost-of-living adjustment to keep wages roughly in step with inflation. The rhythm and size of those raises varies hugely between industries.

A typical worker doing this role in United States sees a raise of about 11% every 18 months, which works out to roughly 7% on an annual basis. That figure is the typical underlying rate; in years where inflation runs high you can usually expect a bit more, and in flat-economy years a bit less.

Across all jobs in United States, the national average raise is around 8% every 16 months.

By industry

Industries with the highest pay raises in United States:

By experience level

Experienced workers tend to see larger raises. Retaining a senior is cheaper than replacing them, so employers fight harder for them.

Professor of mathematics bonus rates in United States

Bonuses are the other half of total compensation, and they vary a lot between jobs and industries. Some roles are paid almost entirely in base salary; others lean heavily on bonus structures tied to revenue, project completion or company performance. Whether a job pays a bonus, how big it is, and how often it lands all factor into whether the headline salary is actually a good offer.

Which careers pay bonuses in United States

Revenue-facing roles tend to pay the biggest bonuses. Operational and support roles tend toward smaller, more predictable ones.

Professor of mathematics: public vs private sector pay

Public-sector pay in United States is about 6% more than private-sector pay for similar work. The private sector typically offers stronger upside and bigger bonuses; the public sector typically offers better benefits and stability.

Professor of mathematics salary by city and region in United States

Professor of mathematics pay is not even across United States. The chart below shows the highest-paying cities and regions in the dataset, followed by the full location table.

Similar jobs to a professor of mathematics

Other jobs in the same category as a professor of mathematics in United States.

Professor - Mathematics in United States: FAQs